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Stampa Stampa
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TERREMOTO DEL 1783, LA FURIA DEL SISMA VIOLENTÒ ANCHE SQUILLACE


Oltre ai morti la città subì circa 80 mila ducati di danni, molti rioni furono distrutti e gravi danni subirono il castello, la cattedrale, le chiese, i conventi

di Salvatore TAVERNITI, Gazzetta del Sud 8 feb 2023

SQUILLACE (CZ) –  10 FEBBRAIO 2023 –  Ricorrono in questi giorni i 240 anni da quando venne registrata nel Sud Italia la prima scossa del terribile terremoto del 1783: avvenne il 5 febbraio.

Poi si ripeté il 6 e il 7 febbraio, l’1 marzo, fino alla scossa più rovinosa del 28 marzo.

Diverse centinaia furono le scosse minori e moltissimi furono i morti e i danni causati dal terremoto avvenuto precisamente nell’area dello Stretto di Messina, nella Calabria meridionale e nell’area compresa tra il golfo di Sant’Eufemia e il golfo di Squillace.

Una tale catastrofe da indurre il re di Napoli Ferdinando I, con il consenso di papa Pio VI, ad istituire la cosiddetta “Cassa Sacra”, formata da rendite e beni requisiti di proprietà della Chiesa.

Oltre ai morti, Squillace, in particolare, subì circa 80 mila ducati di danni, molti rioni furono distrutti e gravi danni subirono il castello, la cattedrale, le chiese, i conventi.

Durante lo sciame sismico dell’epoca, a Squillace nasceva Guglielmo Pepe, uno dei padri del Risorgimento: era il 13 febbraio 1783.

Un’altra scossa di terremoto rilevante fu quella verificatasi nel 1832, quando subì danni il locale seminario vescovile.

Squillace fu interessata da forti terremoti anche prima del 1783.

Si parte dal 91 a.C. per giungere a quello del 27 marzo 1626 che danneggiò la cattedrale e causò danni all’abitato; quello del 5 novembre 1659 con decessi e nuovi crolli per la cattedrale e danni a monasteri, chiese e case; agli altri sismi del 26 marzo e 6 novembre 1662, 12 dicembre 1679, nel 1693, nel 1708, il 6 dicembre 1743 e 21 marzo 1744; e a quello del 1764 che causò ancora danni rilevanti alla nostra città.

Importante fu quello manifestatosi nel dicembre 1908, che interessò soprattutto Messina e Reggio.

Anche Squillace venne colpita dal sisma con danni subiti dalla cattedrale e da diverse abitazioni.

Una testimonianza locale riporta il ricordo del 1915, quando, nella parte centrale dell’abitato di Squillace, precisamente nello spiazzo antistante il monumento dedicato ad una dea, circondato da cinque o sei alberi di grosso fusto (la zona era denominata, appunto, “Arvuredhi”), vi era una baracca in legno che ospitava almeno tre famiglie di senzatetto. 

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