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L’ALLARME: «L’INVERNO DEMOGRAFICO DELLA CALABRIA: UNA TERRA CHE MUORE PERCHÉ NON DÀ LAVORO»


L’imprenditore Giovanni Sgrò: “Agli stimoli culturali sulla restanza di autorevoli scrittori come Vito Teti non ha mai fatto da contraltare un’azione politica mirata sui giovani e l’occupazione”

di Giovanni Sgrò*

SOVERATO (CZ) –  26 APRILE 2022 – Due pagine del Corriere della Sera di domenica 24 aprile dedicate all’antropologo calabrese Vito Teti e al suo nuovo libro sulla “restanza” (presidiare i luoghi d’origine, ma non come stanca rassegnazione) sono motivo d’orgoglio e di riflessione per tutti noi che questa terra la viviamo quotidianamente.

E allora, la prima cosa che viene in mente sono i numeri, in particolare quelli dell’ultimo report dell’Istat sugli indicatori demografici. La popolazione calabrese diminuisce costantemente, al ritmo di circa 20mila residenti in meno ogni anno.

Giovani che partono e nuovi nati che diminuiscono. Il che porta i mass media a parlare di un vero e proprio “inverno demografico”, presente e futuro, soprattutto guardando al destino inesorabile di abbandono dei tanti piccoli centri dell’entroterra.

Proprio su quelli, peraltro, si focalizzano l’attenzione e la speranza del professore Teti. Un riflettore importante, autorevole, quello acceso da diversi anni dal docente Unical, che forse avrebbe dovuto stimolare azioni più efficaci e concrete, ma al quale, evidentemente, non ha mai fatto da contraltare una adeguata “considerazione” politica.

Quante occasioni abbiamo perso per arginare la devastante desertificazione della nostra regione? Tutto fermo a qualche slogan sulla bellezza dello smart working e a pochi finanziamenti per ristrutturare campanili e centri storici.

Il pensiero corre ai vari Piani Operativi Regionali, ai multifondi Fesr, ai milioni e milioni di euro arrivati dall’Europa e sprecati o, addirittura, mai spesi. Per incompetenza? Per immobilismo? Domande che restano in sospeso, mentre l’unica certezza, ancora una volta, sono i numeri.

La Calabria (fonte: Welfare Italia Index) risulta al primo posto solo per spesa in reddito di cittadinanza (30,5 euro pro capite nel 2021 contro un valore nazionale di 11 euro pro capite).

Ma più di una persona su cinque (il 20,1%) era senza lavoro nel 2020, l’ottava percentuale peggiore in Europa. Secondo Eurostat, il tasso di disoccupazione in Calabria è il triplo della media Ue. Dunque, oltre due calabresi su dieci sono senza lavoro, cioè oltre il doppio della media nazionale che si attesta al 9,2%.

Ed ancora più drammatica è la situazione che interessa il mondo giovanile che segnala la mancanza di lavoro per circa la metà dei calabresi nella fascia di età tra i 15 e i 24 anni: 49,2%. Dai dati Eurostat emerge anche che la Calabria è l’ultima regione in Europa per capacità di offrire lavoro ai giovani laureati a tre anni dal conseguimento del titolo.

In particolare se in media nell’Unione europea oltre 8 laureati su 10 (esattamente 81,5%) trovano un lavoro a tre anni dal raggiungimento della laurea, in Calabria quel tasso scende al 37,2%.

Tirare le somme, date queste premesse, sembra alquanto banale: questa terra sta morendo principalmente per mancanza di lavoro. La restanza, quella sì, non ci manca. E’ un misto di resistenza e speranza. Ma, da sola, può bastare?

*imprenditore (Soverato – CZ)

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