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Stampa Stampa
31

L’ITALIA A PERDERE, 35 ANNI DI “BADOLATO PAESE IN VENDITA”


In Calabria prototipo delle periferie e di migliaia di borghi in agonia

di REDAZIONE

BADOLATO (CZ) –  2 OTTOBRE 2021 –  Sono passati giusto 35 anni da quando, il 07 ottobre 1986 con un articolo sulle pagine nazionali del quotidiano romano “Il Tempo” a firma di Domenico Lanciano bibliotecario comunale, ebbe inizio la vicenda di “Badolato paese in vendita in Calabria” destinata ad avere un clamore internazionale e ad essere di esempio per tanti altri borghi spopolati per cercare di salvarli dal più completo abbandono e dall’insignificanza (che probabilmente affondano le radici nella malaunità d’Italia del 1861).

Ma, adesso, quale è la situazione, dopo tutto questo tempo? In generale è ancora più drammatica di 35 anni fa, quando nella sola Europa Unita i paesi spopolati stimati erano 12 mila, mentre adesso si avvicinano ai 20mila.

E le campagne risultano più abbandonate con una maggiore desertificazione che porta pure alla rovina (più o meno completa) di decine e decine di milioni di case rurali di pregio (molte più dei 40 milioni nella stima della stessa Unione Europea negli anni ottanta).

Lo stesso borgo medievale di Badolato (quello messo in vendita), che nel 1986 aveva almeno 850 abitanti (dai 4842 del censimento 1951), adesso ne conta appena 200 circa, compresi quei “neo-badolatesi” (cioè chi provenendo da fuori, anche dall’estero, ci vive avendo comprato casa).

E gli stessi abitanti dell’intero Comune, compresa Badolato Marina, sono scesi di numero di almeno il 30% dal 1986 e si attestano attorno ai tremila. Perciò, da questo punto di vista, è peggiorata la situazione generale del paese antico di Badolato, divenuto negli anni il prototipo dei borghi spopolati.

E, nonostante sia diventato molto “trend” a motivo di tutta la pubblicità mediatica (certamente molto più attrattivo di prima del 1986), il borgo semi-disabitato vive praticamente soltanto d’estate, nei due mesi di luglio ed agosto quando è quasi pieno come un uovo. Ma ciò non basta a trattenere i giovani che cercano lavoro e fortuna altrove (specie all’estero), mancando i dovuti interventi strutturali sempre invocati, continuamente promessi e mai arrivati per un Sud all’osso.

Il fatto grave è che le Amministrazioni comunali, succedutesi dal 1986 in poi, non sono riuscite a valorizzare bene il grande clamore e il duraturo interesse internazionale suscitati dalla vicenda del 1986 prima e poi dall’accoglienza ai profughi curdi sbarcati dalla nave Ararat il 27 dicembre 1997.

Ciò è dovuto pure al fatto che Badolato non è riuscito a diventare quel “borgo-laboratorio” e quella “capitale euro-mediterranea dei paesi spopolati” come aveva tentato di fare Domenico Lanciano (poi mandato in esilio nel 1987) cercando di portare le problematiche dentro le istituzioni locali, nazionali ed europee con l’elezione di propri rappresentanti, senza cui – come dimostra l’attuale esperienza – si è del tutto passivi, fuori da giochi e prospettive. Badolato avrebbe potuto essere il simbolo-guida di quella “Italia a pérdere” che comprende tutte le periferie dimenticate e persino le zone abbandonate del centro-nord e dell’intera Europa.

Infatti, se si allarga lo sguardo, Badolato è prototipo di quel sud Italia che regredisce di continuo, nonostante veri o falsi provvedimenti legislativi e finanziari.

Qualcosa non va sicuramente. Intanto, i sindaci dei borghi (anche del centro-nord) in fase di sempre maggiore desertificazione urbana e rurale di dimenano come meglio possono in un’Italia istituzionale e sociale dimentica del ruolo e dell’importanza umana, culturale, economica e valoriale della ruralità anche montana.

Si paga così lo scotto sempre più frequente e grave del dissesto idrogeologico, tra tante altre conseguenze negative provocate dal mancato presidio del territorio che ha bisogno di continua manutenzione, prima garantita da un efficiente sistema rurale.

Appare così chiaro a tutti che c’è un Sud ed un’Italia a pérdere (nelle isole, al sud e persino al centro-nord), perché dimenticata a favore delle città, delle metropoli  e delle megalopoli, e di uno stile di vita eccessivo ed anti-ecologico che sta portando pure l’intero pianeta in situazioni così critiche che non può durare a lungo.

Così, la mega-Italia metropolitana sta affossando l’Italia rurale ed etica che è riuscita a reggere per millenni.

Occorre un urgente riequilibrio. O si corre ai ripari oppure sarà dramma collettivo, pure per le città che scoppiano mentre i paesi muoiono. E c’è da scommettere che “l’Italia a pérdere” (fatta, appunto, di sud e di periferie anche montane del centro-nord) vedrà con il binocolo persino una irrisoria parte dei 250 miliardi prestati dall’Europa per il PNRR – Piano Nazionale di Ripresa e Resilienza.

Chi vivrà vedrà.

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